PICA DIAGNOSIS UPDATE
PICA DIAGNOSIS MANUAL

Put the national Poison Control Center phone number, 1-80, on or near every telephone in your home and program it into your cell phone.Closely monitor children, keep items out of reach, use childproof locks, find activities that occupy children’s attention, and inform other caregivers of concerns.Discuss treatments for pica with your child’s healthcare provider, such as applied behavior analysis and functional analysis, 8 which helps identify triggers for pica and determine if pica is secondary to sensory-seeking behavior, automatic reinforcement, or social factors such as seeking attention from caregivers.7 Here are some things you can do if your child with ASD has pica: 7 Additionally, some children with ASD and/or intellectual disability may not understand the difference between food and non-food items. 6 Furthermore, sensory processing difficulties that are commonly reported in children with ASD may result in both atypical eating and pica behavior. However, there is a pattern of atypical eating behaviors, such as limited food preferences and hypersensitivity to food textures, among children with ASD. It is not well understood why children with ASD are more likely to eat non-food items. If Your Child with ASD Eats Non-food Items It’s important for caregivers and healthcare providers to be aware of this risk so that they can carefully monitor children, put safety measures in place, and intervene early if a child eats something they shouldn’t. Pica can lead to serious medical and surgical problems, including gastrointestinal parasites, lead toxicity, nutritional deficiencies, choking, poisoning, intestinal obstruction, and perforation resulting in surgery, and even a blood infection, which can be life-threatening. 2 Data also showed that GI symptoms were more common among children with ASD who ate non-food items however, pica behavior did not fully explain the increased risk for GI symptoms among children with ASD and other developmental disabilities. 2 In a recent study, almost 1 in 4 parents of young children with ASD reported that it was sometimes or often true that their child ate non-food items and about 1 in 10 parents reported it was often true. 1 Another less well-known issue among young children with ASD, ASD characteristics, and/or intellectual disability is pica, a condition in which a person repeatedly eats things that aren’t food such as dirt, paint chips, and clay. Gastrointestinal symptoms, such as vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, or abdominal pain, also may be more common among children with ASD. doi:10.1016/j.jbct.2020.10.Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability characterized by varying degrees of difficulties with social, emotional, and communication skills. Journal of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapy. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. Thomas JJ, Becker KR, Breithaupt L, et al. Pica in persons with developmental disabilities: Approaches to treatment.

Matson JL, Hattier MA, Belva B, Matson ML. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability. Pica in people with intellectual disability: a literature review of aetiology, epidemiology and complications. Muller Journal of Medical Sciences and Research. Pica in children with tetralogy of Fallot: Report of two cases. Pica: an age-old eating disorder that's often missed. Hartmann AS, Becker AE, Hampton C, Bryant-Waugh R. International Journal of Eating Disorders.

Development of the Pica, ARFID, and rumination disorder interview, a multi‐informant, semi‐structured interview of feeding disorders across the lifespan: A pilot study for ages 10–22. American Psychiatric Association 2013.Ĭall C, Walsh BT, Attia E.

PICA DIAGNOSIS MANUAL

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Pica disorder among African American women: A call for action and further research. Epidemiology of eating disorders in Africa. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings. A systematic review of the effectiveness of behavioural treatments for pica in youths. Moline, R, Hou, S, Chevrier, J, Thomassin, K. Handbook of Childhood Psychopathology and Developmental Disabilities Treatment. Pica in individuals with developmental disabilities.

PICA DIAGNOSIS UPDATE

Pica: A common condition that is commonly missed - an update review.

Pica diagnosis